The chiefs of those who disbelieved among his people said (to their people): "If you follow Shu'ayb, be sure then you will be the losers! (90)So the earthquake seized them and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes (91)Those who belied Shu'ayb, became as if they had never dwelt there (in their homes). Those who belied Shu'ayb, they were the losers (92)
Allah describes the enormity of disbelief, rebellion, transgression and misguidance (of Shu'ayb's people) and the defiance of truth encrypted in their hearts. They vowed, saying,
لَئِنِ اتَّبَعْتُمْ شُعَيْبًا إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَّخَاسِرُونَ
("If you follow Shu'ayb, be sure then you will be the losers!") Allah answered them,
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ
(So the earthquake seized them and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes)
Allah said that the earthquake shook them, as punishment for threatening to expel Shu'ayb and his followers. Allah mentioned their end again in Suah Hud,
وَلَمَّا جَاءَ أَمْرُنَا نَجَّيْنَا شُعَيْبًا وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِّنَّا وَأَخَذَتِ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا الصَّيْحَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دِيَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ
(And when Our commandment came, We saved Shu'ayb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us. And the Sayhah (loud cry) seized the wrongdoers, and they lay (dead) prostrate in their homes.)[11:94]
This Ayah mentions the Sayhah (cry) that struck them after they mocked Shu'ayb, saying,
أَصَلَاتُكَ تَأْمُرُكَ
(Does your Salah (prayer) command you...)[11:87] so it was befitting to mention here the cry that made them silence. In Surat Ash-Shu'ara', Allah said,
فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ
(But they belied him, so the torment of the Day of Shadow (a gloomy cloud) seized them. Indeed that was the torment of a Great Day)[26:189] because they challenged Shu'ayb,
فَأَسْقِطْ عَلَيْنَا كِسَفًا مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ
("So cause a piece of the heaven to fall on us, if you are of the truthful!")[26:187].
Therefore, Allah stated that each of these forms of punishment struck them on the Day of the Shadow. First,
فَأَخَذَهُمْ عَذَابُ يَوْمِ الظُّلَّةِ
(So the torment of the Day of Shadow (a gloomy cloud) seized them)[26:189] when a gloomy cloud came over them (containing) fire, flames and a tremendous light. Next, a cry from the sky descended on them and a tremor shook them from beneath. Consequently, their souls were captured, their lives were taken and their bodies became idle,
فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دَارِهِمْ جَاثِمِينَ
(and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes). Allah said next,
كَأَن لَّمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا
(They became as if they had never dwelt there) meaning, after the torment seized them, it looked as if they never dwelled in the land from which they wanted to expel their Messenger Shu'ayb and his followers. Here, Allah refuted their earlier statement,
الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كَانُوا هُمُ الْخَاسِرِينَ
(Those who belied Shu'ayb, they were the losers.)
