20:71

قَالَ ءَامَنتُمۡ لَهُۥ قَبۡلَ أَنۡ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ ٱلَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱلسِّحۡرَۖ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٖ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡ فِي جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخۡلِ وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَآ أَشَدُّ عَذَابٗا وَأَبۡقَىٰ

Qala amantum lahu qabla an athana lakum innahu lakabeerukumu allathee AAallamakumu alssihra falaoqattiAAanna aydiyakum waarjulakum min khilafin walaosallibannakum fee juthooAAi alnnakhli walataAAlamunna ayyuna ashaddu AAathaban waabqa

[Pharaoh] said, "You believed him before I gave you permission. Indeed, he is your leader who has taught you magic. So I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, and I will crucify you on the trunks of palm trees, and you will surely know which of us is more severe in [giving] punishment and more enduring."

Word by word
  1. قَالَHe said
  2. ءَامَنتُمۡYou believe
  3. لَهُۥ[to] him
  4. قَبۡلَbefore
  5. أَنۡ[that]
  6. ءَاذَنَI gave permission
  7. لَكُمۡۖto you
  8. إِنَّهُۥIndeed,he
  9. لَكَبِيرُكُمُ(is) your chief
  10. ٱلَّذِيthe one who
  11. عَلَّمَكُمُtaught you
  12. ٱلسِّحۡرَۖthe magic
  13. فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّSo surely I will cut off
  14. أَيۡدِيَكُمۡyour hands
  15. وَأَرۡجُلَكُمand your feet
  16. مِّنۡof
  17. خِلَٰفٖopposite sides
  18. وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡand surely I will crucify you
  19. فِيon
  20. جُذُوعِ(the) trunks
  21. ٱلنَّخۡلِ(of) date-palms
  22. وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّand surely you will know
  23. أَيُّنَآwhich of us
  24. أَشَدُّ(is) more severe
  25. عَذَابٗا(in) punishment
  26. وَأَبۡقَىٰand more lasting
Taha · 20:71Makkah

You believed without my permission?

A defeated tyrant turns to threats


Pharaoh's response
no permission"you rebelled against me"
a false story"he is your teacher"
threatsa public example
Who decides belief
the rulerfaith needs his permission
the heartbefore its Creator

Pharaoh had lost in front of everyone, and his own magicians believed. Ibn Kathir says he turned arrogant and cast accusations. He claimed Musa had taught them magic, a lie he and everyone knew was false, then threatened to make a public example of them.

You decide to start praying, or wearing something modest, or leaving a bad crowd. Someone with power over you says, "Who told you you could do that?" Your heart's answer to Allah does not need anyone's sign-off.

I need the approval of the people around me before I change.

Belief is between me and my Creator. Nobody else's permission is required.

Try this

Keep one small good change you made, even if someone around you disapproves.

Simplified reflection. Read the tafsir for scholarship.draft
Tafsir Ibn Kathir

(Fir'awn) said: "Believe you in him before I give you permission? Verily, he is your chief who has taught you magic. So I will surely cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you on the trunks of date palms, and you shall surely know which of us can give the severe and more lasting torment. (71)They said: "We prefer you not over what have come to us of the clear signs and to Him (Allah) Who created us. So, decree whatever you desire to decree, for you can only' decree (regarding) this life of the world. (72)"Verily, we have believed in our Lord, that He may forgive us our faults, and the magic to which you did compel us. And Allah is better as regards reward in comparison to your reward, and more lasting. (73)

Fir'awn's turning against the Magicians, His threatening Them and Their Reply

Allah, the Exalted, informs of Fir'awn's disbelief, obstinance, transgression and haughtiness against the truth in favor of falsehood. When he saw what he saw of the magnificent miracle and the great sign, and he saw those whose help he sought accept faith in the presence of all of the people, and he was absolutely defeated, he began to behave arrogantly and cast accusations. He resorted to using his esteemed honor and might against the magicians. He warned them and threatened them saying,

آمَنتُمْ لَهُ

(Believe you in him (Musa)) This means, "Do you have faith in him?"

قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ

(before I give you permission?) meaning, "I have not commanded you to do so, by which you have rebelled against me." Then he said a statement that he, the magicians and all creatures knew was a forgery and an utter lie.

إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ

(Verily, he is your chief who has taught you magic.) meaning "You all only took your magic from Musa and you have made an agreement with him against me and my subjects, that you would help him be victorious." Allah says in another Ayah,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

(Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know.)(7:123) Then he began threatening them. He said to them,

فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَافٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِي جُذُوعِ النَّخْلِ

(So I will surely cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you on the trunks of date palms,) meaning, "I will certainly make an example of you, I will kill you in a public execution." Ibn 'Abbas said, "Thus, he was the first person to ever do this (public execution, crucifixion)." This was reported by Ibn Abi Hatim. Concerning Allah's statement,

وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَا أَشَدُّ عَذَابًا وَأَبْقَىٰ

(And you shall surely know which of us can give the severe and more lasting torment.) This means, "You say that my people and I are astray and that you (magicians), Musa and his people are following correct guidance, but you will come to know who will be punished and remain punished." So when he attacked with this and threatened them, their souls eased them because of their belief in Allah, the Mighty and Sublime. They exclaimed,

قَالُوا لَن نُّؤْثِرَكَ عَلَىٰ مَا جَاءَنَا مِنَ الْبَيِّنَاتِ

(They said: "We prefer you not over what have come to us of the clear signs...") meaning, "We do not chose you over the guidance and conviction that we have received. "

وَالَّذِي فَطَرَنَا

(and to Him (Allah) Who created us.) It could be that they were swearing, "By He Who has created us." It also could be connected in meaning to the clear signs mentioned before it. In this case it would mean, "We do not prefer you over our Originator and Creator, Who produced us from a beginning that was nothing. He created us from clay (or mud). Therefore, He alone deserves worship and humility and you do not (Fir'awn)!"

فَاقْضِ مَا أَنتَ قَاضٍ

(So decree whatever you desire to decree,) "Do whatever you wish and whatever your hands are able to achieve."

إِنَّمَا تَقْضِي هَٰذِهِ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا

(for you can only decree (regarding) this life of the world.) meaning, "You only have power in this world and it is a world that will come to an end. Verily, we are hoping in the eternal abode."

إِنَّا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّنَا لِيَغْفِرَ لَنَا خَطَايَانَا

(Verily, we have believed in our Lord, that He may forgive us our faults,) "Whatever evils that we did." It specifically means, 'which we were forced to do of magic, in order to oppose the sign of Allah and the miracle of His Prophet.'

Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Ibn 'Abbas said concerning Allah's statement,

وَمَا أَكْرَهْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السِّحْرِ

(and the magic to which you compelled us.) "Fir'awn took forty boys from the Children of Israel and commanded that they be taught magic at Al-Farama. He said, 'Teach them knowledge that no one in the land knows.'" Ibn 'Abbas then said, "They were of those who believed in Musa and they were of those who said,

آمَنَّا بِرَبِّنَا لِيَغْفِرَ لَنَا خَطَايَانَا وَمَا أَكْرَهْتَنَا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السِّحْرِ

(We have believed in our Lord, that He may forgive us our faults, and the magic to which you did compel us.)" 'Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said the same. Allah's statement,

وَاللَّهُ خَيْرٌ وَأَبْقَىٰ

(And Allah is better as regards reward in comparison to your reward, and more lasting.) means, "He is better for us than you."

وَأَبْقَىٰ

(and more lasting.) More lasting in reward than what you promised us and made us aspire to. It is apparent that Fir'awn (may Allah curse him) was bent upon their punishment, and that what he did to them was a mercy from Allah for them. This is why Ibn 'Abbas and others of the Salaf said, "They woke up in that morning as magicians, but they became witnesses of faith by the evening. "