Who Was The hypocrites? The enemy within in Islamic History

Before the worldBefore Adam

The first nationsAdam to Shuayb

Egypt and Bani Israilc. 1300–1000 BCE

Bani Israil and Romec. 1000 BCE – 250 CE

Arabia before IslamUp to 570 CE

Enemies of the Prophet ﷺ610–632 CE

After the Prophet ﷺ632–1000 CE

Crusades and conquests1090–1502 CE

The end of timeStill to come

Ten signs before the Hour

Isa ibn Maryam descends
A landslide in the east
A landslide in the west
A landslide in Arabia
The smoke
The sun rises from the west
The Beast of the earth
A fire from Yemen drives people to their gathering

Sahih Muslim lists ten major signs before the Hour without fixing their order. This follows a common order given by the scholars. Sahih Muslim 2901a ↗

Villains of history45 / 76

المنافقون

The hypocrites

The enemy within622–631 CE

Relied onSaying 'we believe' with their mouths

Undone byRevelation that named their deeds

Men of Madinah who professed Islam while working against it: turning back before Uhud, spreading slander, staying home from Tabuk with excuses, and mocking the believers in private.

How it ended

The Quran exposed them in Surahs al-Baqarah, al-Tawbah and al-Munafiqun, and placed them in the lowest depth of the Fire (4:145).

When the hypocrites come to you, [O Muhammad], they say, "We testify that you are the Messenger of Allah." And Allah knows that you are His Messenger, and Allah testifies that the hypocrites are liars.
Quran 63:1

The lessonThe Companions feared hypocrisy in themselves; that fear is a sign of faith.

In the Quran

2:8-20 4:142-145 9:64-68 63:1-8

Stood against
Source: Named in the QuranTheir head was Abdullah ibn Ubayy. The Prophet ﷺ gave three signs of a hypocrite: lying when he speaks, breaking his promise, and betraying a trust (Sahih al-Bukhari 33).Sahih al-Bukhari 33 ↗

Every villain in Islamic history, from Iblis to the Dajjal

Each entry is drawn from the Quran, authentic hadith (with links to sunnah.com), the classical commentators and the historians. Companions who fought Islam and later became Muslim are not included, nor are figures Muslims disagree about.